Factors Associated with Hyposalivation in Brazilian Adults

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the occurrence of hyposalivation in Brazilian adults and its association with individual determinants, such as the use of medications, systemic conditions, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study with 402 adults was developed. Information was collected on sociodemographic and general health characteristics, and sialometry was performed with stimulated salivary flow. It indicated low salivary flow when ≤ 0.7 mL/min. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using a decision tree (p<0.05). Results: The sample was comprised predominantly of women (68.2%) aged ≤ 29 years (25.4%). Most participants did not use medication (56.7%). Among systemic diseases, the most cited was hypertension (25.1%). More than a third of the participants presented hyposalivation (40.3%), being associated with the following variables: age between 50 to 59 years (p=0.011), female sex (p<0.001), menopause (p=0.001), use of alcohol (p=0.033), systemic disease (p=0.002) and medication use (p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, in addition to sex (p<0.001) and hypertension (p=0.005), an association was also found between hyposalivation and diabetes (p=0.014). Conclusion: Factors associated with hyposalivation in adults were sex and the presence of hypertension or diabetes.

Microabrasão do esmalte dentário: eficácia e aplicações na odontologia / Dental enamel microabrasion: effectiveness and applications in dentistry

Introdução: A microabrasão proporciona a remoção de manchas e irregularidades na superfície do esmalte, através da associação da ação erosiva de ácidos, como o ácido fosfórico ou ácido clorídrico, e a ação abrasiva de substâncias como pedra pomes (carbeto de silício), por meio de esfregaço. O sucesso da técnica depende da profundidade do esmalte manchado, sendo mais facilmente removidas as manchas situadas mais externamente nas camadas do esmalte. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a partir de uma revisão de literatura a eficácia e aplicabilidade desse método no tratamento clínico, analisando o potencial de resolutividade segundo os estudos que fundamentam sua eficiência. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados Bireme, Pubmed e Google acadêmico, abrangendo artigos de pesquisa e de relato de caso de 2013 a 2018, utilizando os descritores: Esmalte dentário, Microabrasão do esmalte, Fluorose dentária, Amelogênese imperfeita. Conclusão: Verificou-se que a microabrasão do esmalte dentário é uma alternativa eficaz no tratamento de alterações cromáticas localizadas na camada superficial do esmalte, tendo em vista que, além de ser um método conservador, promove resultados satisfatórios imediatamente após sua aplicação, entretanto, para o tratamento de alterações de maior profundidade, pode ser necessário associar a técnica da microabrasão a outros procedimentos estéticos.

Introducion: Microabrasion provides the removal of stains and irregularities on the surface of the enamel by associating the erosive action of acids, such as phosphoric acid or hydrochloric acid, and the abrasive action of substances such as pumice (silicon carbide) by smearing. Objective: This study aims to evaluate, by way of a literature review, the efficacy and applicability of this method in clinical treatment, analyzing the potential of resolution according to studies that support its efficiency. Materials and Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted in the databases Bireme, Pubmed and Google Scholar, covering research articles and case reports from 2013 to 2018, using the descriptors: Dental Enamel, Enamel microabrasion, Dental Fluorosis, Amelogenesis imperfecta. Conclusion: It was verified that the microabrasion of the dental enamel is an effective alternative in the treatment of localized chromatic alterations in the superficial layer of the enamel considering that, besides being a conservative method, it promotes satisfactory results immediately after its application. However, for the treatment of alterations of greater depth, it may be necessary to associate the microabrasion technique with other aesthetic procedures.